Japanese Textile Industry Qingdao Fission

300 thousand pieces Spindle 1700 looms, 43 million yen, 15000 Chinese workers. In less than ten years, Japan textile industry Under the iron curtain of militarism, China's national textile industry has been crowding out and supporting Japanese funds with various conveniences. enterprise Make Qingdao It has become the region with the highest return on Japanese investment, which triggered the rapid fission of the textile industry at that time. scale The speed and influence of the great speed are far from Germany. Lease The times are comparable.

In 1930s, "Shanghai, Qingdao and Tianjin's cotton mills" came from the same origin. This article is edited and reorganized by urban hunting room. It is reproduced from the city hunting house, Fuzhou real estate network http://www.letfind.com.cn. Thank you for reproducing your reservation.

　　 " Discount Policy to attract Japanese factories to get together

In 1909, China's first Japanese cotton spinning and weaving enterprise, the internal and external Cotton Textile Co., was set up in Shanghai. From this time, Japan's textile industry, which is rich in capital and advanced in technology, referred to its cotton mill in China as "cotton in China". In 1914, when Japan replaced Germany to occupy Qingdao, Kawamura Lits, the founder of the inner and outer cotton company and the great Japanese textile giant, quickly put the gaze of cotton in China to Qingdao. The Japanese know very well that in the international situation at that time, Qingdao would have to return to China sooner or later. They fantasizes: as long as Japanese industry and Commerce take the lead, the layout of the Laozi is fixed, Qingdao will always be an overseas enclave of Japan.

Only one month after the occupation of Qingdao, the Japanese government announced that Qingdao was open to Japanese residents, and Japanese overseas Chinese enjoyed the so-called super national treatment. Taking land policy as an example, the price of land purchased by Japanese overseas Chinese is several times lower than that of German rent. The land tax has been reduced to 2 from 6 of the German rent era, and the land value-added tax has simply been abolished. The annual rent of industrial estuary rented by Japanese businessmen is only 2 points per square meter (1 square meters =3.305 square meters), while the annual rent of urban land in every suburb is 2 cents, with a difference of 10 times. At that time, Japanese nationals flocked to Qingdao, and in 1921, there were more than 24500 people. Over Shanghai, the city became the largest city in Japan.

Thanks to the "preferential" colonial policy than Shanghai, Japanese factories began to encircling the land. In 1917, more than 70000 square meters of cotton yarn mill inside and outside Qingdao was launched on the Quartet coast, and 27000 spindles were spinning rapidly. Japan's industrial capital monopolizes the prelude of Qingdao's textile industry. The silver and silver brand cotton yarn of inside and outside cotton is definitely a profiteering product. In two years, the 16 yarn has risen from 36.93 yuan per pack to 70.56 yuan. Having tasted the sweetness of extracting cheap labor and raw material resources, Qingdao and inner and outer cotton have expanded second and third workshops, and the spindles have increased to 90000, which are directly under the Shanghai headquarters of the inner and outer cotton companies.

The success of internal and external cotton has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of Japanese textile companies to invest in Qingdao. From November 1919, the construction of Da Kang cotton mill was followed by Fuji cotton mill, Zhongyuan cotton mill and Longxing cotton mill. Finally, the Bora cotton mill was put into operation in November 1923. Japanese owned yarn mill capital accounts for 90 of the total industrial capital in Qingdao, Qingdao, ranking the first in North China. However, in the past ten years, China Cotton once again invaded Qingdao. TOYOTA, Shanghai and Tongxing 3 Japanese textile mills started one after another. Nine Japanese cotton mills were lined up along the Jiaoji railway line, and the lineup was luxurious. Qingdao's national textile industry is still only one of Huaxin's cotton mill. In 1936, Qingdao textile industry, mainly Japanese, had 568 thousand and 400 spindles, accounting for 10 of the country's total and 9286 looms, accounting for 15 of the country's total. Shanghai is the best.

Just as the Japanese cotton textile industry triggered the industrial fission in Qingdao, factories such as matches, flour, pressed oil, salt making, silk making, pigment, rubber, soap and building materials also poured into Qingdao. According to statistics in 1928, there were more than 500 thousand factories with Japanese capital above RMB $20, and only two ethnic industries. From the Japanese occupation of Qingdao in 1914 to the victory of the war of resistance in 1945 in Qingdao, Japan's monopoly on the industrial economy in Qingdao has been 30 years. Japanese factories are far ahead of the national industry in terms of scale, technology and management. Total Japanese industrial capital has occupied over 80 of industrial capital in Qingdao, Qingdao. The vast majority of Qingdao's industrial workers are working for Japanese funded enterprises. The "belt" leads to the spatial layout of the city. The light textile industry with less investment, quick results and high profits is the industrial breakthrough for Japan to compete and accumulate capital with Europe and the United States. It is also the main battleground for Japan to seize resources and plunder wealth in China. But in Japan, the heavy chemical industry is the foundation of the industry. In the eyes of the Japanese, a Chinese city like Qingdao can only do semi finished products at the bottom of the industrial chain, and must not own a high-end industry of metallurgical machinery and equipment. After the Pacific War, Japan built two iron and Steel coking plants in the Cangkou, namely, South steel and North steel, but they were the abnormal products of the Japanese army in ruling the economy and wartime industries.

As far as Qingdao's industrialization is concerned, the layout mode of German "key cultivation" is completely replaced by the "industrial fission" of the Japanese textile industry. The "great disparity" of modern industrial structure in Qingdao is the reason for this.

Germany's strict system of vocational education was also interrupted. The German shipyard and the Quartet mechanic school, which had been built by the Germans, were disbanded by the Japanese military and government authorities. The Japanese textile mills such as Da Kang and Zhong Yuan launched a "short training class" to recruit Chinese trainees and trainees of Gao Xiaohe junior high school education. They were either trained by Japanese trained workers and then sent to China's apprentices or sent to Japanese textile mills such as Osaka and Kobe for four or five months. During the exercise, they were not responsible for the suicide. They were not allowed to leave the factory within 5 years of their return. The surge of industrial workers in Qingdao has become one of the most concentrated and exploited oppression of industrial workers in modern China. It is also one of the most active and rebellious cities in China's workers' movement.

The large-scale blowout of the Japanese Light textile industry has created a unique phenomenon of the industrial agglomeration effect of "one zone and one area" in Qingdao.

The town of Taitung is located in the west of the industrial park, the small abalone island in the Japanese populated area, the Taitung town near the Chinese laborers' residence in the East, and the Dagang Port in the north. This location development industry is very good. Therefore, the Japanese enterprises such as Qingdao's phosphorus inch, Dongyang oil making, SUZUKI silk making, Shandong chemistry and so on have made a rush to the beach, and it has become a great success when Qingdao regress, and this is a "one district".

The "belt" refers to the Sifang Cangkou industrial belt along the Jiaoji railway line. The Sifang machine factory and the Cangkou reeling factory in Germany are the pioneers of the industrial belt. After the entry of Japanese and cotton mills, such as cotton, Tai Kang and Fuji, the scale has been greatly expanded. After the nine major cotton mills have been started, they have become the Qingdao textile industrial zone from the Quartet to the Cangkou line. Although Wuteng Yoji, President of the Japanese Zhongyuan Corporation, listed the advantages of convenient transportation and convenient water consumption when inspecting the building of Cangkou, but as an industrial belt, the Japanese textile industry led to the deformity development of Qingdao's urban spatial layout. Until the beginning of 1990s, the "North South narrow" pattern and the functional separation of "Nan Su Bei Gong" had puzzled the people of Qingdao.